Long duration spaceflight has been associated with detrimental alterations in human sensorimotor systems and neurocognitive performance. Prolonged exposure to a head-down tilt position during long duration bed rest can resemble several effects of the microgravity environment such as reduced sensory inputs, body unloading and increased cephalic fluid distribution. The question of whether microgravity affects other central nervous system functions such as brain functional connectivity and its...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS, PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, LONG DURATION...
Current long-duration missions to the International Space Station and future exploration-class missions beyond low-Earth orbit expose astronauts to increased risk of Visual Impairment and Intracranial Pressure (VIIP) syndrome. It has been hypothesized that the headward shift of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood in microgravity may cause significant elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP), which in turn may then induce VIIP syndrome through interaction with various biomechanical pathways....
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSPACE MEDICINE, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, INTRACRANIAL...
INTRODUCTION: Current long-duration missions to the International Space Station and future exploration-class missions beyond low-Earth orbit, such as to Mars and asteroids, expose astronauts to increased risk of Visual Impairment and Intracranial Pressure (VIIP) syndrome [1]. It has been hypothesized that the headward shift of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and blood in microgravity may cause significant elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP), which in turn induces VIIP syndrome through...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, LUMPED PARAMETER SYSTEMS, SPACE...
Preliminary results are based on analyses of data from 17 crewmembers. The initial analysis compares pre to post-flight changes in total cerebral blood flow (CBF) and craniospinal CSF flow volume. Total CBF is obtained by summation of the mean flow rates through the 4 blood vessels supplying the brain (right and left internal carotid and vertebral arteries). Volumetric flow rates were obtained using an automated lumen segmentation technique shown to have 3-4-fold improved reproducibility and...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), MAGNETIC RESONANCE, IMAGING TECHNIQUES, CEREBROSPINAL FLUID,...
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54
Sep 11, 2014
09/14
Sep 11, 2014
by
Surgucheva, Irina; Newell, Kathy L; Burns, Jeffrey; Surguchov, Andrei
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This article is from Acta Neuropathologica Communications , volume 2 . Abstract Introduction: Several neurodegenerative diseases are classified as proteopathies as they are associated with the aggregation of misfolded proteins. Synucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative disorders associated with abnormal deposition of synucleins. α-Synucleinopathies include Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. Recently accumulation of another member of the...
Topics: astrocytes, antibodies, antibody, lewy, substantia, brain, amygdala, surgucheva, nigra, dlb,...
Source: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4172890
Long-duration space flight carries the risk of developing Visual Impairment and Intracranial Pressure (VIIP) syndrome, a spectrum of ophthalmic changes including posterior globe flattening, choroidal folds, distension of the optic nerve sheath (ONS), optic nerve kinking and potentially permanent degradation of visual function. The slow onset of VIIP, its chronic nature, and certain clinical features strongly suggest that biomechanical factors acting on the ONS play a role in VIIP. Here we...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), OPHTHALMOLOGY, EYE (ANATOMY), INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE,...
Eight cases identified, represent 23.5% of the 34 crewmembers flown on the ISS, with inflight visual changes and pre-to-postflight refractive changes. In some cases, the changes were transient while in others they are persistent with varying degrees of visual impairment. (1) Decreased intraocular pressure (IOP) postflight was observed in 3 cases. (2) Fundoscopic exams revealed postflight findings of choroidal folds in 4 cases, optic disc edema in 5 cases and presence of cotton wool spots in 3...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, ETIOLOGY, FLUID SHIFTS (BIOLOGY),...
This slide presentation is an overview of the some of the known results of spaceflight induced intracranial hypertension. Historical information from Gemini 5, Apollo, and the space shuttle programs indicated that some vision impairment was reported and a comparison between these historical missions and present missions is included. Optic Disc Edema, Globe Flattening, Choroidal Folds, Hyperopic Shifts and Raised Intracranial Pressure has occurred in Astronauts During and After Long Duration...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), ASTRONAUTS, HYPERTENSION, INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE, LONG...
Astronauts are exposed to cephalad fluid shift, increased carbon dioxide levels and other environmental factors during space flight. As a result of these conditions, it is believed that they are at risk of developing increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and intraocular pressure (IOP), which in turn may cause papilledema and other disorders of the eye that can lead to temporary or permanent changes in vision. However, the mechanisms behind this risk are not fully understood. Ground analog and...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), FLUID SHIFTS (BIOLOGY), EYE (ANATOMY), LONG DURATION SPACE...
This slide presentation reviews the effects of enhanced exposure to CO2 on Earth and in space. The effects of enhanced exposure to CO2 are experienced in almost all bodily systems. In space some of the effects are heightened due to the fluid shifts to the thorax and head. This fluid shift results in increased intracranial pressure, congested cerebral circulation, increased Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF) and Intravenous dilatation. The mechanism of the effect of CO2 on CBF is diagrammed, as is the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BRAIN CIRCULATION, CARBON DIOXIDE, FLUID SHIFTS (BIOLOGY),...
A non-invasive method for analyzing the blood-brain barrier includes obtaining a Raman spectrum of a selected portion of the eye and monitoring the Raman spectrum to ascertain a change to the dynamics of the blood brain barrier.Also, non-invasive methods for determining the brain or blood level of an analyte of interest, such as glucose, drugs, alcohol, poisons, and the like, comprises: generating an excitation laser beam at a selected wavelength (e.g., at a wavelength of about 400 to 900...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER, RAMAN SPECTRA, ETHYL ALCOHOL, TOXINS AND...
The invention provides a method of non-invasively determining intracranial pressure from measurements of an eye. A parameter of an optic nerve of the eye is determined, along with an intraocular pressure of the eye. The intracranial pressure may be determined from the intraocular pressure and the parameter.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, EYE (ANATOMY), INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE,...
The consequences of headward fluid shifts during manned spaceflight was studied. Such shifts were recognized early by both U.S. and Soviet scientists because of signs and symptoms referable to the head. Some of these include disturbed vision, puffiness in the face and periorbital areas, headache, vestibular dysfunction, and distended jugular veins. We posited that the fluid shift had an immediate effect on the brain and a long-term action requiring a neural interpretation of the flight...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, HUMAN REACTIONS, MANNED SPACE FLIGHT,...
500
500
Sep 1, 1992
09/92
Sep 1, 1992
by
Peros, Vasilios; Ruth, John; Trawinski, Davi
texts
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Existing aircraft engine nacelle structures employ advanced composite materials to reduce weight and thereby increase overall performance. Use of advanced composite materials on existing aircraft nacelle structures includes fiber-reinforced epoxy structures and has typically been limited to regions furthest away from the hot engine core. Portions of the nacelle structure that are closer to the engine require materials with a higher temperature capability. In these portions, existing nacelle...
Topics: HUMAN BODY, INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE, PRESSURE MEASUREMENT, CALIBRATING, CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, PRESSURE...
The topics covered include the following: the emetic stimuli used on the cats in the study; analysis of the constituents of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) during motion sickness; evaluation of serotonin-1A agonists; other 5-HT receptors; and additional studies and activities.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSPACE MEDICINE, CATS, CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, CHEMOTHERAPY,...
A motorized motion testing device modeled after a Ferris wheel was constructed to perform motion sickness tests on cats. Details of the testing are presented, and some of the topics covered include the following: xylazine-induced emesis; analysis of the constituents of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during motion sickness; evaluation of serotonin-1A (5-HT sub 1A) agonists; other 5HT receptors; antimuscarinic mechanisms; and antihistaminergic mechanisms. The ability of the following drugs to...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), AEROSPACE MEDICINE, CATS, MOTION SICKNESS, MOTION SICKNESS...
In the broadest sense, this project evaluates how spaceflight induced shifts of blood and interstitial fluids into the thorax affect regulation by the central nervous system (CNS) of fluid-electrolyte hormone secretion. Specifically, it focuses on the role of hormones related to salt/water balance and their potential function in the control of intracranial pressure and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition. Fluid-electrolyte status during spaceflight gradually equilibrates, with a reduction in...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BLOOD, BLOOD FLOW, BLOOD VOLUME, CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM,...
In 1901, an outbreak of sleeping sickness in Uganda rapidly assumed epidemic proportions. In the spring of 1902, the Royal Society sent a small scientific commission to Entebbe to investigate the cause of the disease. This film highlights the many scientific and professional problems which beset the commission's work, dramatically reconstructing the circumstances leading up to Dr. (later Sir) Aldo Castellani's (1877-1971) discovery of trypanosomes in the cerebrospinal fluid of sleeping sickness...
Topics: Tropical Medicine, Trypanosomiasis, African -- etiology, Trypanosomiasis, African -- cerebrospinal...
The centricular catheter comprises a multiplicity of inlet microtubules. Each microtubule has both a large opening at its inlet end and a multiplicity of microscopic openings along its lateral surfaces. The microtubules are perforated by an ion beam sputter etch technique. The holes are etched in each microtubule by directing an ion beam through an electro formed mesh mask producing perforations having diameters ranging from about 14 microns to about 150 microns. This structure assures a...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), BYPASSES, CATHETERIZATION, CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, ETCHING, ION...
A cerebrospinal fluid shunt in the form of a ventricular catheter for controlling the condition of hydrocephalus by relieving the excessive cerebrospinal fluid pressure is described. A method for fabrication of the catheter and shunting the cerebral fluid from the cerebral ventricles to other areas of the body is also considered. Shunt flow failure occurs if the ventricle collapse due to improper valve function causing overdrainage. The ventricular catheter comprises a multiplicity of inlet...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CATHETERIZATION, CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, MEDICAL EQUIPMENT,...
Conjugated catecholamines, deconjugation of catecholamines in cerbrospinal fluid or urine, the relationship of plasma norepinephrine to levels of severe stress, and catecholamine clearance rates are discussed.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), CATECHOLAMINE, CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, CONJUGATION, CONJUGATES,...
The objectives of this study were to quantify the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biochemical changes in response to drug administration in rhesus monkeys. CSF was collected at hourly intervals over a period of neurotransmitter metabolites HMPG, HVA and the nucleotides C-AMP and C-GMP. Drug administration caused changes in the measured parameters. (Author)
Topics: DTIC Archive, Burns,Barry, JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD, *CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, MEASUREMENT,...
This project is aimed at two closely related problems concerning man's adaptation to high altitude hypoxia: (1) The mechanisms which regulate the ionic composition of brain intra- and extra-cellular fluid ICF/ECF in long- term hypoxia, and (2) The role these regulatory factors play in mediating ventilatory acclimatization to hypoxia. In studies of brain ECF in hypoxia the writer has determined the regulation of CSF HCO3(-) movement between plasma and CSF, described the effects of hypoxia on...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Dempsey, Jerome A, WISCONSIN UNIV MADISON, *ADAPTATION(PHYSIOLOGY), *BRAIN, *HYPOXIA,...
Instructions are presented to ensure the transport of Neisseria meningitidis in viable state from remote sites to a diagnostic laboratory. Precautions are outlined which are necessary to prevent the accidental release of pathogenic material during shipment. In addition, instructions are provided for the handling of initial isolate material (e.g. on swabs or in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)). The described shipping procedures are in accordance with IATA Packing Notes for Passenger and Cargo...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Spence,M R, DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT SUFFIELD RALSTON (ALBERTA), *PATHOGENIC...
A recently acquired young, 2.8-kg male rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) demonstrated a peculiar behavioral pattern, depression, and anorexia. Approximately 40 hr later, hyperestheisa, generalized muscle tremors, ataxia, and nystagmus became apparent. Cerebrospinal fluid contained numerous gram-positive cocci; subsequently, pure cultures of Streptococcus (Diplococcus) pneumoniae were isolated. Extensive antibiotic and supportive treatment for pneumococcal meningitis was administrated for 12 da....
Topics: DTIC Archive, Faulkner,Roy T, Burger,Gary T, Harrington,Donald G, Hickman,Robert L, ARMY MEDICAL...
The present study was designed to investigate whether alterations, within physiological ranges, in the concentrations of various CSF cations (e.g., Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) could affect the basal activity of the HHA system directly or through their actions on neurotransmitters which are known to modulate the activity of the hypophysiotropic area. Adult male and female cats were prepared with left lateral cerebroventricular and right atrial cannulae. These studies demonstrated that although elevated...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Marotta,S F, ILLINOIS UNIV AT THE MEDICAL CENTER CHICAGO RESEARCH RESOURCES CENTER,...
The central questions of this report were concerned with testing widely held theories concerning the mechanisms regulating the acid-base status of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the role of this acid-base status as a mediator of ventilatory acclimatization to chronic hypobaric hypoxia (high altitudes). We have tested the regulation of CSF pH in healthy men, ponies while awake and dogs while anesthetized during 10 hours to 3 weeks of hypoxia and/or hypocapnia and found consistently that CSF pH is...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Dempsey,J A, WISCONSIN UNIV MADISON DEPT OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE, *HYPOXIA,...
http://uf.catalog.fcla.edu/uf.jsp?st=UF030251003&ix=nu&I=0&V=D&pm=1
Topics: Cerebrospinal Fluid, Autonomic Agents.
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177
Sep 1, 1974
09/74
Sep 1, 1974
by
AMELANG, M.; LASOGGA, F
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COMPLEX REACTION TIME EXPERIMENTS WERE DONE WITH INFORMATION SIGNALS INDICATING WHICH REACTION WOULD BE REQUIRED IN CHOICE EXPERIMENTS. REACTION TIMES DECREASED WITH INCREASING INTERVAL BETWEEN INFORMATION AND STARTING SIGNALS, BUT WERE NEVER SHORTER THAN REACTION TIMES IN SIMPLE REACTION TIME EXPERIMENTS. LONGER EXPOSURE OF THE INFORMATION SIGNAL GAVE LONGER REACTION TIME. IN OTHER EXPERIMENTS IN WHICH INTERRUPTION SIGNALS WERE GIVEN SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH THE START SIGNALS, REACTION TIMES WERE...
Topics: CEREBROSPINAL FLUID, SURGERY, CLINICAL MEDICINE, HYPOTENSION, INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE, ANATOMY, BODY...
Using dogs, it was found that d-amphetamine (3 mg/kg i.v.) produces a threefold increase in CSF levels of the norepinephrine metabolite MHPG. L-amphetamine at the same dosage level produced either no change in MHPG or had a relatively smaller effect. Cerebral blood flow increased threefold with d-amphetamine at 3 mg/kg in dogs, and only slightly after the 1-isomer at the same dose. Arterial pressure doubled after d-amphetamine (3 mg/kg) and only increased 20-30% after the 1-isomer at the same...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Burns,Barry, JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV BALTIMORE MD DEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE, *DRUG...
Rifampin was administered orally in one dose of 25 mg per kg of body weight to 6 patients with tuberculous meningitis who had received no previous antituberculous chemotherapy and to 7 control subjects. There was no sigificant difference in rifampin absorption at 3 hours between patients and control subjects; however, no rifampin could be detected in the 3-hour cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens taken from control subjects. Significant concentrations were reached in patients' CSF within 3...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Sippel, John E., Mikhail, Isis A., Girgis, Nabil I., Youssef, Hassan H., NAVAL...
Daisy Books for the Print Disabled
29
29
1969
1969
1969
by
Internationales Symposium "Circumventriculäre Organe und Liquor" (1968 : Schloss Reinhardsbrunn); Sterba, Günther
texts
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Text and summaries in German and English
Topics: Neurology, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Zoology
Includes bibliographies
Topics: Cerebrospinal fluid, Cerebrospinal Fluid
Daisy Books for the Print Disabled
21
21
1967
1967
1967
by
Kienle, Gerhard, ed; Frankfurt am Main (Germany). Krankenhaus Nordwest. Neurologische Klinik
texts
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Includes bibliographies
Topics: Cerebrospinal fluid, Acid-base equilibrium, Neurology
Topics: Cerebral Ventriculography, Contrast Media, Subarachnoid Space, Contrast media, Cerebrospinal fluid,...
Topics: Nervous System Diseases, Neurosurgery, Nervous system, Cerebrospinal fluid, Diagnosis, Radioscopic,...
166
166
1952
1952
1952
by
American Physiological Society (1887- )
texts
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Topics: blood, cells, acid, creatine, bile, thyroid, fat, tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, lactic acid, uric...
Source: http://books.google.com/books?id=6YkVAAAAYAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api
14
Topic: Cerebrospinal fluid
Includes bibliographical references and an index
Topics: Cerebrospinal fluid, Liquide céphalorachidien
Topic: Cerebrospinal Fluid
Includes bibliographies and index
Topic: Cerebrospinal fluid -- Examination
The metadata below describe the original scanning. Follow the "All Files: HTTP" link in the "View the book" box to the left to find XML files that contain more metadata about the original images and the derived formats (OCR results, PDF etc.). See also the What is the directory structure for the texts? FAQ for information about file content and naming conventions.
Topic: Cerebrospinal fluid
Index bibliographique: p. [46]-47
Topic: Cerebrospinal Fluid
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25
1913
1913
1913
by
Schottmüller, H. (Hugo Adolf Georg), 1867-1936
texts
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Includes bibliographic references and index
Topic: Cerebrospinal Fluid
This material has been provided by UCL Library Services. The original may be consulted at UCL (University College London)
Topic: Cerebrospinal Fluid
Bibliographie: p. 67-71
Topic: Neurosyphilis, cerebrospinal fluid
Includes bibliographical references and index
Topics: Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea, Cerebrospinal Fluid
Royal College of Surgeons of England
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33
1899
1899
1899
by
Mott, Frederick Walker, 1853-1926; Halliburton, W. D. (William Dobinson), 1860-1931; Royal College of Surgeons of England
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'Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Vol. 191' - cover
Topics: Neurodegenerative Disorders, cerebrospinal fluid, Choline
King's College London, Foyle Special Collections Library
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40
1899
1899
1899
by
Thomson, St. Clair, Sir, 1859-1943; Thomson, St. Clair, Sir, 1859-1943 former owner; Cawthorne, Terence Edward, Sir, 1902-1970 former owner; King's College London
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King’s College London
Topic: Cerebrospinal fluid
The Royal College of Surgeons of England
Topics: Child, Cerebrospinal Fluid
Open Library
